On April 28, 2023, a Russian Kh-101 cruise missile struck a 9-story residential building in Uman, Cherkasy region, killing 23 civilians including 6 children (two 10-year-olds and a toddler). The city, located 200 km from the front line, had no military targets. The attack completely destroyed 27 out of 46 apartments in the building. The UN Commission of Inquiry documented the incident as one of the deadliest attacks on civilians in the first half of 2023. Ukrainian officials confirmed the absence of military infrastructure nearby, making the attack a war crime under international humanitarian law. The strike occurred during morning hours when residents were sleeping, maximizing civilian casualties.