On February 24, 2023, exactly one year after invasion, China publishes document "Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis" (12 points).
Participants: Chinese Foreign Ministry.
The 12 points:
1. Respect sovereignty of all countries
2. Abandon Cold War mentality
3. Ceasefire
4. Resume negotiations
5. Resolve humanitarian crisis
6. Protect civilians and prisoners of war
7. Nuclear plant safety
8. Reduce strategic risks
9. Facilitate grain exports
10. Stop unilateral sanctions
11. Stability of industrial chains
12. Post-conflict reconstruction
Position: China presents itself as neutral mediator. Doesn't condemn Russian invasion. Doesn't mention troop withdrawal or Ukrainian territorial integrity.
Ukraine reaction: Skeptical. Zelensky says "respecting sovereignty means respecting 1991 borders, including Crimea".
Western reaction: Rejected. USA and EU say plan favors Russia by allowing it to keep occupied territories.
Follow-up: March 2023, Xi Jinping visits Putin in Moscow. No concrete progress. Plan ignored by all.
Assessment: Chinese attempt to position itself as global power. Failed because too vague and too favorable to Russia.